Interview with Professor Plünnecke on the IW study

The joint study by the Erasmus+ National Agency Higher Education (NA DAAD) and the German Economic Institute (IW) in Cologne highlights the importance of the experiences and skills that students gain during a stay abroad as part of their studies and/or internships.

Professor Plünnecke, in your latest report, you describe the challenges currently facing the German economy: demographic change, digitalisation, decarbonisation, and deglobalisation are four key terms. What do companies expect from university graduates who might be available as future employees?

Companies expect future university graduates to have practical experience as well as social and personal skills. The most valued social and personal skills in the recruitment process are independence, the ability to solve problems, proactive action and initiative, conscientiousness and openness to new ideas. These skills are strengthened by spending time abroad during studies and internships. Additionally, innovative and international companies in particular attach great importance to intercultural skills and a command of foreign languages. These companies particularly consider a stay abroad more important than adhering to the standard study period.

To what extent can higher education institutions contribute to shape the process of transformation?

Universities play a central role in the economic transformation process. They must continue to train the necessary academic professionals, increasingly including international students from abroad. This requires more impetus for innovation through the transfer of knowledge from their research and the provision of expertise on global issues. Innovative and international companies see temporary stays abroad by German students as an important task. From the companies' perspective, the internationalisation process is supported by access to international networks, a pro-European attitude in society and the openness of the region in which they are located. Support for international students at home and abroad can also be helpful.

What should actors in national (education) policies and the European Erasmus+ programme, whose next phase is currently under intense discussion, take into account?

Overall, the study shows that internationally educated students strengthen various competencies during their time abroad that are important for economic performance. In addition, international students can improve the pro-European attitudes and openness to the world in society. Economic performance and societal openness are crucial for mastering the challenges of transformation. Programmes such as Erasmus+ should also be further developed at national and European level in future. An expansion of internships is conceivable here, in order to further enrich the positive effects of studying abroad on social and personal skills with practical experience.

Porträtfoto Axel Plünnecke
© Institut der deutschen Wirtschaft

Professor Dr Axel Plünnecke heads the Education, Innovation, Migration Research Unit at the German Economic Institute in Cologne. His main research interests are higher education, STEM, migration and skilled worker requirements in the labour market.